239832 Approaches to Syntax (S) (SoSe 2012)

The field of syntax will be investigated starting out from the structure of sentences and from principles of their possible subdivision into constituents, establishing an inventory of phrases. The problem of syntactic ambiguity will be covered as well as numerous side-branches to phonology and semantics. With the generative approach as a backdrop the course will focus on the syntax of contemporary English. After dealing briefly! with the reasons and motivations for Noam Chomsky to advance the field of Transformational grammar in the 1960s we will fast-forward to the Principles & Parameters approach and derive the research program of Minimalism. The theoretical consideration of d-structure vs. s-structure and phrase marker theory will precede the analysis of syntactical problems such as movement, empty categories, quantifiers, anaphora and infinitives. Students will be enabled to find entry points to the vast literature and research in the field. Some applications of Generative theory will be reviewed in the last part of the seminar. Psycholinguistics and parameter setting will be related to first language acquisition, some rivaling theories will be evaluated on the way. Seminar targets are primarily to convey a solid grounding in generative theory and the ability to analyse syntactic structures using standard procedures which will be practiced. Please remark that this class is designed to inspire advanced discussions of the topic. A dedicated interest in syntax, logic and their applications will enable and enhance successful participation.